Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge

Established in 1935, Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge is located in the Missouri River floodplain, 35 miles northwest of St. Joseph. The 7,350-acre Refuge includes loess bluff hills, an unusual geologic formation caused by wind deposited soil, which holds some of the last remnants of native prairie. The Refuge hosts species of 301 birds, 33 mammals, and 35 reptiles and amphibians. Up to 200 bald eagles, 300,000 snow geese and 100,000 ducks use the Refuge as a wintering area. Historically, Squaw Creek Refuge lands have been plagued with excessive water, poor drainage and extreme siltation. Steep hills combined with intensive agriculture result in heavy silt loads in Squaw and Davis Creeks, which pass through the Refuge. Normal flows are contained within creek beds which have been converted to ditches. Frequent flood overflows dump silt into the marsh areas, making them steadily more shallow.

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