Chester is located in southwestern Illinois in Randolph County (of which it is the county seat) southeast of St Louis between Red Bud and Murphysboro along Highway 3 overlooking the Mississippi River. The population estimate for July 1, 1998 was 7,639, a decrease of 565 since 1990.
Chester is the birthplace of Elzie Segar, the creator of the cartoon character "Popeye, the Sailor Man". A statue stands next to the Chester Bridge as a tribute. In addition, the annual "Popeye Picnic" is held the weekend following Labor Day.